I don't think it's possible to do off-the-shelf. The following is what I used to do to run some tests:
1) Install the latest beta.
3) Sync the cloned repository to an older date
4) Replace the tex folder in context installation with the content of the repository
5) Make the format files
It worked for me when I did my tests. (I wanted to see when a particular functionality had changed/broke.)
However, this is not perfect. Because the LuaTeX and the other binaries will be latest, not the versions specific to the date you requested.